Not every New and Full Moon hits the same. A lunation that falls on an empty patch of your chart passes without much to say; one that lands on a natal planet, or on an angle, is the one you remember. The Moon Timeline works out which is which for your chart specifically, for all of 2026.
Lunation times come from real ephemeris data, not from a rounded calendar. Your birth date, time and place set the house cusps the lunations are measured against; without a birth time the reading falls back to what can be said reliably without one, and says so rather than guessing an Ascendant.
Twelve to thirteen, depending on the calendar year boundary — the timeline lists every one with its exact date.
Because of where it lands in your chart. A Full Moon conjunct a natal planet within a tight orb is a direct hit; the same Full Moon for someone else may touch nothing at all. That is the difference the timeline makes visible.
It helps. Houses move roughly one degree every four minutes, so an exact time is what places each lunation in a specific area of life. The timeline still works without one.
Yes.